| Acne - |
a multifactorial disease, commonly seen in adolescents
Age: 10-17 years in females; 14-19 in males; may appear for
the first time as late as 25 years or older
Sex: More severe in males
Occupation: Exposure to mineral oils, dioxin, and other acnegenic
substances.
Drugs: Lithium, hydantoin, topical and systemic corticosteroids,
and oral contraceptives may cause acne to flare
Other Factors: Endocrine factors, emotional stress |
| Actinic - |
solar or sun |
| Actinic keratosis - |
a precancerous lesion arising on sun-exposed skin |
| Atrophy - |
thinning of the skin, due to overuse
of topical steroids |
| Basal cell carcinoma - |
the most common form of skin cancer |
| Bulla - |
A large vesicle (blister) |
| Carcinoma - |
cancer |
| Crust - |
dried material on the surface of skin (ie: a scab) |
| Cyst - |
a cavity containing liquid or semisolid material
(fluid, cells, and cell products) |
| Dermatoheliosis - |
sun-damage |
| Dermatology - |
study of skin and skin-related structures (hair
& nails) |
| Eczema - |
interchangeable with dermatitis
Contact (allergic) eczematous dermatitis: caused by an allergic
reaction to some substance in previously sensitized skin (ie:
poison ivy)
Contact (non-allergic / irritant) dermatitis: caused by action
of chemical irritant on the skin
Age: No influence on sensitization; however uncommon in children
Race: Black skin possibly less susceptible
Occupation: Second most common cause of occupational disability |
| Esthetician - |
an individual trained in skin care |
| Eruption (or rash) - |
describes more widespread skin involvement, normally
composed of several lesions which may be the primary pathology
or due to secondary factors (scratching, infection, etc.). |
| Excoriation - |
superficial lesions due to scratching,
rubbing, or picking |
| Folliculitis - |
inflammation of the hair follicles |
| Impetigo - |
a superficial infection involving the skin (caused
by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes) characterized
by honey-color crusting |
| Lesion - |
describes an area of disease - usually small |
| Lichenification - |
chronic thickening of the skin from scratching
or rubbing |
| Macule - |
flat, nonpalpable circumscribed area of change
in the skin. Macules are < 1-2 cm in size |
| Nodule - |
palpable, solid, round, or ellipsoidal lesion
|
| Papule - |
small solid elevation of skin generally < 5
mm in diameter |
| Plaque - |
palpable, patch of skin, as seen in psoriasis.
|
| Psoriasis - |
characterized by chronic scaly areas in characteristic
sites of the body, largely related to repeated minor trauma:
scalp, elbows, forearms lumbosacral region, knees, hands, and
feet |
| Pustule - |
a blister that contains pus |
| Scale - |
accumulation or abnormal shedding of skin in
perceptible flakes (as in dandruff or psoriasis) |
| Scar - |
the area of injury is replaced by thickened or
atrophic skin |
| Shingles - |
a reactivation of the chicken pox virus (Herpes
Zoster) |
| Squamous cell carcinoma - |
the second most common form of skin cancer, sometimes
arising in an actinic keratosis |
SPF -
|
sun protection factor
An example: if you would normally burn in 30 minutes without
sunblock, and you use a sunblock with an SPF of 15, you can
stay outdoors for 30X15=450 minutes (=7 1/2 hours) before you
burn |
| Tinea corporis - |
“ringworm” |
| Tinea cruris - |
“jock itch” |
| Tinea pedis - |
athlete’s foot |
| Ulcer - |
skin loss extending, essentially a "hole
in the skin" |
| Vesicle - |
a blister |
Warts -
(=verrucae) |
Warts are NOT cancerous growths, but are caused by a virus.
This virus ONLY affects human beings. Warts are usually rough
and skin-colored. Warts are classified by their location.
Common warts grow on the fingers, hands, or around the nails.
Plantar warts grow on the feet or toes. They usually cause
discomfort when pressure is applied.
Flat warts tend to grow in large numbers, usually on children
and on the face. In adult men and women, they are spread by
shaving.
Genital warts =condyloma
|
| Wheal - |
transitory, compressible papule or
plaque (= a hive) |
